@inproceedings{Senk2024:BringBack,

title = {Bring Functions Back to the Network: A Measurement Study},

author = {Stefan Senk and Marian Ulbricht and Hosein K. Nazari and Tung V. Doan and Giang T. Nguyen and Frank H. P. Fitzek},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-11-05},

urldate = {2024-11-01},

booktitle = {IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networks (NFV-SDN)},

address = {Natal, Brazil},

abstract = {Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is envisioned to provide the 

foundation for a dynamic, high-performance multi-layer network 

architecture. With NFV, running network functions on general-purpose 

hardware is supposed to lower network latency due to reduced propagation 

delay. The trade-off, however, is in impaired reliability and increased 

processing latency, which could negatively affect Quality of Service (QoS) 

and Quality of Experience (QoE). We investigate the trade-off via a 

comprehensive measurement study exploiting a high-precision measurement 

method on a carrier-grade Cisco Catalyst 9500 Series switch, which provides 

enhanced computing capability via lightweight containerization. Baseline 

results on packet forwarding latency confirm that software-based forwarding 

is inferior to the hardware pendant. Subsequently, we deploy a more 

realistic application with an example for network coding and introduce a 

new metric, re-coding opportunities. Our study identifies a superior 

performance of generic hardware, but also shows advantages of in-network 

computing for latency-tolerable scenarios.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Senk2206:Flexible,

title = {Flexible Measurement Testbed for Evaluating Time-Sensitive Networking in Industrial Automation Applications},

author = {Stefan Senk and Marian Ulbricht and Javier Acevedo and Giang T. Nguyen and Patrick Seeling and Frank H. P. Fitzek},

doi = {10.1109/NetSoft54395.2022.9844050},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-06-26},

urldate = {2022-06-26},

booktitle = {2022 IEEE 8th International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) 

(NetSoft 2022)},

address = {Milan, Italy},

abstract = {Deterministic communications are required for industrial environments, yet 

their realization is a challenging task. Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) is 

intended to enable deterministic communication over inexpensive Ethernet 

networks. Standardized by the IEEE TSN working group, TSN enables precise 

control of time synchronization, traffic shaping, reliability enhancements, 

and network administration to answer the demands of industrial control 

applications. Subsequently, there is a significant need to enable turnkey 

research and 

implementation efforts. However, a current lack of open-sourced testbed 

implementations to investigate and study the behavior of TSN network 

devices limits verification to simulation and theoretical models. We 

introduce a publicly available, flexible, and open-sourced measurement 

testbed for evaluating TSN in the context of industrial automation 

applications to address the need to perform real-world measurements. In 

this contribution, we describe our testbed combining 

Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) hardware and existing open-source tools as 

a platform for in-depth evaluation of TSN devices. Providing detailed TSN 

backgrounds, we describe an in-depth performance analysis for our 

implementation. For a common Tactile Internet scenario, we observe an 

accuracy of close to 5 ns achievable with our publicly available COTS 

setup.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Ulbricht21:hwswTSN,

title = {Emulation vs. Reality: Hardware and Software Co-Design in Emulated and Implemented Time-Sensitive Networks},

author = {Marian Ulbricht and Javier Acevedo and Surik Krdoyan and Frank H. P. Fitzek},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-11-10},

booktitle = {European Wireless 2021},

address = {Verona, Italy},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Ulbricht21:PreciseFruits,

title = {Precise Fruits: Hardware Supported Time-Synchronisation on the RaspberryPI},

author = {Marian Ulbricht and Javier Acevedo and Surik Krdoyan and Frank H. P. Fitzek},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-09-22},

booktitle = {2021 International Conference on Smart Applications, Communications and Networking (SmartNets): Industry 40 and Connected Factory},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Acev2111:Hardware,

title = {Hardware Accelerated Cryptography for Tactile Internet},

author = {Javier Acevedo and Marian Ulbricht and Jennifer Gabriel and Frank H. P. Fitzek},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

booktitle = {European Wireless 2021 (EW 2021)},

address = {Verona, Italy},

abstract = {Tactile Internet (TI) applications such as industry automa-tion, connected 

autonomous cars, augmented reality and remotesurgery, are based on secure 

data transmissions at a very lowend-to-end latency. In order to fulfill 

those requirements in real applications, it is necessary to implement 

traffic encryption on the physical layer rather than the application layer. 

Nevertheless, the aforementioned integration is a computing intensive task, 

in which many arithmetic operations are involved. Therefore, hardware 

acceleration may be a solution to provide enough throughput, while 

maintaining low power consumption. In this paper we present the 

implementation of hardware acceleratorsfor cryptographic algorithms on 

heterogeneous multi-core dedicated hardware, using the state-of-the-art 

WolfSSL software embedded library. By comparing our implementation to 

software-only solutions in terms of throughput and delay using variabledata 

sets, we find performance improvements up to three orders of magnitude as 

well as around 80% latency reductions in the computing time.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Ulbr1807:Highspeed,

title = {Highspeed Hierarchically Routing – A Practical Approach of Single-Clock Routing},

author = {Marian Ulbricht and Philipp Dockhorn and Christian Liss and Jens Wagner},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

booktitle = {2018 11th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks & 

Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP) (CSNDSP18)},

address = {Budapest, Hungary},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{charismallpaper1,

title = {Ultra-Low Latency 5G CHARISMA Architecture for Secure Intelligent Transportation Verticals},

author = {Michael C. Parker and Geza Koczian and Stuart D. Walker and Kai Habel and Volker Jungnickel and Theodoros Rokkas and Ioannis Neokosmidis and Muhammad S. Siddiqui and Eduard Escalona and Carolina Canales-Valenzuela and Andreas Foglar and Marian Ulbricht and Yaning Liu and Jean-Charles Point and Dimitrios Kritharidis and Konstantinos V. Katsaros and Eleni Trouva and Yanos Angelopoulos and Konstantinos Filis and George Lyberopoulos and Eugene Zetserov and David Levi and Pavel Kralj and Primož Jenko},

issn = {2162-7339},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-07-01},

booktitle = {2017 19th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Liss1706:Architecture,

title = {Architecture of a Synchronized Low-Latency Network Node Targeted to Research and Education},

author = {Christian Liss and Marian Ulbricht and Umar F. Zia and Hartmut Müller},

url = {https://innoroute.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/HPSR17-TN.pdf},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

booktitle = {2017 IEEE 18th International Conference on High Performance Switching and 

Routing (HPSR) (IEEE HPSR'17)},

address = {Campinas, Brazil},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Ulbr1607:Accelerated,

title = {Accelerated Processing Delay Optimization in Hierarchical Networks Using Lowcost Hardware},

author = {Marian Ulbricht and Jens Wagner},

url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7573903/?reload=true},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-07-01},

booktitle = {2016 10th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP) (CSNDSP16)},

address = {Prague, Czech Republic},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{parker2016charisma,

title = {CHARISMA: Converged heterogeneous advanced 5G cloud-RAN architecture for intelligent and secure media access},

author = {Michael C. Parker and Geza Koczian and Femi Adeyemi-Ejeye and Terence Quinlan and Stuart D. Walker and Amaia Legarrea and Muhammad S. Siddiqui and Eduard Escalona and Spiros Spirou and Dimitrios Kritharidis and Marian Ulbricht},

url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Michael_Parker12/publication/301292855_CHARISMA_Converged_heterogeneous_advanced_5G_cloud-RAN_architecture_for_intelligent_and_secure_media_access/links/5715533c08ae16479d8ac8fe.pdf},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

booktitle = {European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC), 2016},

pages = {240-244},

organization = {IEEE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}