@inproceedings{Risc2211:Comparison,

title = {Comparison of UPF acceleration technologies and their tail-latency for URLLC},

author = {Justus {Rischke} and Christian Leonard {Vielhaus} and Peter {Sossalla} and Junyue {Wang} and Frank H. P. {Fitzek}},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-11-01},

urldate = {2022-11-01},

booktitle = {2022 IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization and Software 

Defined Networks (NFV-SDN) (NFV-SDN'22)},

address = {Phoenix, USA},

abstract = {The industry is striving to deploy private cellular networks in their 

factories. 

The envisioned use cases, such as industrial automation, require 

Ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency Communications (URLLC). 

In 5G, the User Plane Function (UPF) handles user traffic and hence 

significantly influences the performance in terms of latency and 

throughput. 

However, present UPFs are often user-space applications running on 

commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) servers introducing computational delays 

that follow long-tailed distributions. 

In this work, we compare modern packet processing acceleration technologies 

such as XDP, DPDK, and P4 and their respective tail-latency performance. 

Our results demonstrate the clear advantage of hardware-based P4 

implementations in terms of reduced tail-latency of about 6 μs at a 

percentile of 99.999% for small packets. 

Furthermore, we also demonstrate that software-based frameworks can compete 

with hardware-based approaches. 

For example, DPDK achieves tail-latencies of approximately 23 μs at a 

percentile of 99.999%. 

Based on our findings, we illustrate the trade-offs between low-cost 

software- and high-performant hardware-based packet processing systems.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Viel2210:Handover,

title = {Handover Predictions as an Enabler for Anticipatory Service Adaptations in Next-Generation Cellular Networks},

author = {Christian Leonard {Vielhaus} and Johannes V. S. {Busch} and Philipp {Geuer} and Alexandros {Palaios} and Justus {Rischke} and Daniel Fabian {K\"{u}lzer} and Vincent {Latzko} and Frank H. P. {Fitzek}},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-10-01},

urldate = {2022-10-01},

booktitle = {The 20th ACM International Symposium on Mobility Management and Wireless 

Access (ACM MobiWac 2022)},

address = {Montreal, Canada},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Risc2206:Empirical,

title = {Empirical Study of 5G Downlink \& Uplink Scheduling and its Effects on Latency},

author = {Justus {Rischke} and Christian Leonard {Vielhaus} and Peter {Sossalla} and Sebastian A. W. {Itting} and Giang T. {Nguyen} and Frank H. P. {Fitzek}},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-06-14},

urldate = {2022-06-01},

booktitle = {2022 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and 

Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM) (WoWMoM 2022)},

address = {Belfast, United Kingdom (Great Britain)},

abstract = {5G campus networks, whose advantages include 

flexible deployment, can be a promising candidate for production 

plants to complement existing Wifi-based networks. Toward 

that goal, 5G has to satisfy strict requirements about real-time 

communication to facility novel use cases. However, the realtime- 

capability of 5G is not well understood yet. In this work, we 

deliver insights into the functioning of 5G NR RAN Release 

15, which includes actual one-way delay and Round-Trip Time 

(RTT) measurements for Downlink and Uplink in a private 5G 

Standalone campus network. The extensive measurement results 

reveal that these delays are correlated, and the corresponding 

RTT, i.e. the sum of Downlink and Uplink delays, is discreetly 

clustered, ranging between 12ms and 40ms. The measurements 

also show that the distribution of RTTs is mainly dependent on 

the packet rates and their inter-arrival times. Our study helps 

expand the current understanding of 5G used for latency-critical 

applications. We make the code and the measurement data traces 

publicly available as the IEEE DataPort 5G Campus Networks: 

Measurement Traces dataset (DOI 10.21227/xe3c-e968).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Palaios2110:Effect,

title = {Effect of Spatial, Temporal and Network Features on Uplink and Downlink Throughput Prediction},

author = {Alexandros {Palaios} and Christian Leonard {Vielhaus} and Daniel Fabian {K\"{u}lzer} and Philipp {Geuer} and Raja {Sattiraju} and Jochen {Fink} and Martin {Kasparick} and Cara {Watermann} and Gerhard P. {Fettweis} and Frank H. P. {Fitzek} and Hans D. {Schotten} and Slawomir {Stanczak}},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-10-13},

urldate = {2021-10-13},

booktitle = {2021 IEEE 4th 5G World Forum (5GWF) (5G-WF'21)},

address = {Montreal, Canada},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Pala2109:Network,

title = {Network Under Control: Multi-Vehicle E2E Measurements for AI-Based QoS Prediction},

author = {Alexandros {Palaios} and Philipp {Geuer} and Jochen {Fink} and Daniel Fabian {K\"{u}lzer} and Fabian {G\"{o}ttsch} and Martin {Kasparick} and Daniel {Sch\"{a}ufele} and Rodrigo {Hernang\'{o}mez} and Sanket {Partani} and Raja {Sattiraju} and Atul {Kumar} and Friedrich {Burmeister} and Andreas {Weinand} and Christian Leonard {Vielhaus} and Frank H. P. {Fitzek} and Gerhard P. {Fettweis} and Hans D. {Schotten} and Slawomir {Stanczak}},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-09-12},

urldate = {2021-09-01},

booktitle = {2021 IEEE 32nd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and 

Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC) (IEEE PIMRC 2021)},

address = {virtual},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Latzko2020,

title = {Use Case Driven Evolution of Network Coding Parameters Enabling Tactile Internet Applications},

author = {Vincent {Latzko} and Christian Leonard {Vielhaus} and Frank H. P. {Fitzek}},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-06-06},

booktitle = {2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC): Communication Theory Symposium (IEEE ICC'20 \textendash CT Symposium)},

journal = {2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC): Communication Theory Symposium (IEEE ICC'20 \textendash CT Symposium)},

address = {Dublin, Ireland},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}